Fasciculus de Medicinae: Ketham, 1499

The Fasciculus de Medicinae was first issued in 1491. These Italian medical manuscripts were based on scientific observation and contained the first known depiction of human cadaver dissection. Also included were treatises on urology, phlebotomy, surgery, gynacology, epidemiology, anatomy and pediatrics. For 1600 years before this book, Western medicine was based chiefly on tradition or folklore.